Implementation of Global Citizenship Education (GCED)-Based Subjects in Developing Civic Competence of Senior High School Students: Basis for an Integration Framework

This descriptive-correlational study was undertaken among the students and teachers of the Senior High School at the University of Perpetual Help System Manila to investigate the implementation of Global Citizenship Education (GCED)-based subjects in developing civic competence of the students. The findings of the study showed that Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship, Philippine Politics and Governance, and Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics were very highly implemented and contributed to the development of the civic competencies of the students in terms of civic knowledge, civic skills, civic attitudes, and community participation. Furthermore, the utilization of strategies by the teachers in teaching GCED-based subjects was found to be very highly implemented; through this, students were encouraged to be critical thinkers and active citizens of society. The results also showed a significant positive relationship between the implementation of GCED-based subjects and the manifestation of civic competencies, indicating that effective implementation of GCED-based subjects strengthens students' civic competence. The selected research design and the study setting may limit the generalizability of the findings; therefore, future studies are encouraged to examine the implementation of GCED in broader educational contexts. This study emphasizes GCED-based subjects as an effective tool in promoting civic competence, and it provides a framework for strengthening Global Citizenship Education in the Senior High School curriculum.