Evaluating Information Literacy Programs in Dynamic Learning Environments: A Mixed-Methods Study of Effectiveness, Adaptability, and Sustainability in Philippine Private Universities

Information literacy remains a critical competency in higher education, particularly in environments characterized by rapid technological change and increasing information complexity. This study examines Information Literacy Programs (ILPs) in selected Philippine private universities, focusing on their effectiveness and the roles of adaptability and sustainability in shaping outcomes. Using a convergent mixed-methods design, data were collected through surveys and supplemented by qualitative insights from interviews and group discussions. The results indicate that ILPs are generally effective at supporting student learning and skill development, particularly regarding engagement and perceived knowledge gains. However, evidence of sustained application and broader impact remains limited. Adaptability—through flexible, context-responsive instruction—and sustainability—through reinforcement and continued practice—were found to significantly influence program effectiveness. The findings underscore the importance of designing ILPs as ongoing, responsive learning processes rather than isolated instructional interventions.